Trump’s New Biofuel Rules Hand Farmers A Win, But Someone Else Might Pay For It

Corn and soybean farmers have been waiting on President Trump to make good on a promise. Now, after more than a year, he’s done so, setting up new federal rules to require more biofuel. That biofuel will end up in the nation’s gasoline and diesel supply soon. Not everyone thinks the move is a win in the end, though.

The new quotas, finalized by the Environmental Protection Agency, raise biomass-based diesel blending by more than 60 percent. That fuel is typically made from soybean oil, animal fats, and other agricultural products.

The agency, which sets these mandates as part of its Renewable Volume Obligations, had not updated the quotas since 2024 despite being expected to do so annually. Overall, renewable fuel requirements for gasoline and diesel are also increasing, though not by nearly as much.

Renewable Fuel Targets Rise Sharply

The updated mandates also lay out targets for 2026 and 2027, with total renewable fuel blending requirements reaching 26.81 billion RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers, the compliance credits refiners use to meet biofuel quotas) in 2026 and 27.02 billion in 2027.

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For farmers, this is mostly good news. More required blending means stronger demand for soybeans and corn, potentially lifting crop prices after years of weak markets and rising costs. “These historically high volumes are expected to create a $3 to $4 billion dollar increase in net farm income,” Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins said to the Wall Street Journal.

Soybean prices have already climbed about 11 percent this year as traders anticipated stronger domestic demand.

The rough part is that what helps the farm belt might not help everyone else. Oil refiners argue the higher quotas will raise their costs, especially at a time when fuel prices are already climbing because of the conflict in Iran and shipping disruptions through the Strait of Hormuz. Refining groups warn that those costs could eventually make their way to drivers at the pump.

“It’s baffling, with fuel prices already rising due to the conflict in Iran, that EPA is finalizing a rule that will make things far worse for consumers”, said Chet Thompson, president of the American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers, to ArgusMedia. There’s another wrinkle to consider, too.

E15 Gasoline Debate Returns

The administration is again pushing Congress to allow year-round sales of E15 gasoline, which contains 15 percent ethanol instead of the standard 10 percent. Supporters say E15 could reduce fuel prices and create another major market for corn. Critics counter that not all vehicles are approved to use it, and refiners remain strongly opposed.

For now, it’s a clear win for farmers and biofuel producers. For refiners and potentially customers at the pump, things are more up in the air.

Lead image The White House